主谓一致的三大原则之语法一致原则
2023-02-07 13:56:58
主谓一致的三大原则之语法一致原则
在英语句子里，谓语受主语支配，其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就叫主谓一致。寻其规律，大致可归纳为三个原则，即语法一致、逻辑一致和就近一致原则。高考中的单项填空题与短文改错题经常对主谓一致问题进行考查。
1. 语法一致：就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。
（1） many a +名词，作主语时,从意义上看是复数,但谓语动词常用单数。
例：很多学生被派去植树。
Many a student has been sent to plant trees.
（2）more than a (an)/one +名词，作主语时,谓语动词常用单数。
例：不止一个教师得到了花。
More than one teacher gets the flowers.
（3）动词不定式、动词-ing形式短语，作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。
例：晚饭后出去散步是一个好习惯。
Going out for a walk after supper is a good habit.
（4）and连接的两个单数名词前若用each, every, no修饰，该名词短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例：Every student and more than one teacher was in the classroom.
每一名学生和不止一位教师都在教室。
（5）the following作主语时,谓语动词的数与后面名词的数保持一致.
例：The following information was correct at time of going to press.
下列信息在付印时准确无误。
1. One-third of the area _____ covered with green trees. About seventy percent of the trees _____ been planted.
A. are; have B. is; has C. is; have D. are; has
2. The number of teachers in our college _____ greatly increased last term. A number of teachers in this school
_____ from the countryside.
A. was; is B. was; are C. were; are D. were; is
3. What _____ the population of China? One-third of the population _____ workers here.
A. is; are B. are; are C. is; is D. are; is
4. Not only he but also we _____ right. He as well as we _____ right.
A. are; are B. are; is C. is; is D. is; are
5. What he’d like _____ a digital watch. What he’d like _____ textbooks.
A. are; are B. is; is C. is; are D. are; is
6. He is one of the boys who _____ here on time. He is the only one of the boys who _____ here on time.
A. has come; have come B. have come; has come
C. has come; has come D. have come; have come
7. Many a professor _____ looking forward to visiting Germany now. Many scientists _____studied animals and plants in the last two years.
A. is; have B. is; has C. are; have D. is; are
8. A knife and a fork _____ on the table. A knife and fork _____ on the table.
A. is; is B. are; are C. are; is D. is; are
9. Her family _____ much larger than mine four years ago. Her family ____ dancing and singing when I came in last night.
A. were; was B. was; were C. was; was D. were; were
10. Now Tom together with his classmates _____ football on the playground.
A. play B. are playing C. plays D. is playing
